In a couple of paragraphs, tell me why you think a course is Professional Ethics might be necessary. (Note the answer to this question is not just based on your personal feelings but on material in our text pp. 55 and following).
A course in Professional Ethics is essential for students to understand the moral implications and ethical reasoning involved in their future professional lives. By studying morals and ethics, students can make informed and rational decisions in their respective fields. The course offers various ethical theories, allowing students to explore and select the ones that align best with their values and beliefs. With this knowledge, students can confidently face ethical dilemmas and avoid being uncertain about their actions in the future.
Moreover, professional ethics is distinct from general ethics as it addresses job-specific roles and moral reasoning. Understanding these nuances can help students steer clear of legal trouble and maintain a high level of professionalism. The course provides valuable insights into real-life situations and enables students to make ethical decisions grounded in solid principles rather than blindly following others' ideas. By fostering critical thinking and ethical judgment, the course empowers students to navigate their careers responsibly and contribute positively to their professions.
We read portions of two primary works: John Stuart Mill's "Utilitarianism" arguing for a "consequentialist" theory of moral action; and Immanuel Kant's "Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals," arguing for a "duty-based" approach using reasoned principles. The following situation is difficult. Using the CRA model on p. 150, What should Connie do? Reflect on her options from both a consequentialist view and from a duty view and discuss whether you think one is preferable or a combination. (You use of the CRA here does not need to be as thorough as found in the textbook example. You should be able to complete it in about 4 good paragraphs--a page or two).
The "Disappearing Degree"
In this scenario, Connie, as head of a foundation, faces a tough decision regarding Hamilton Craft's application. Craft claimed to have a Ph.D. in art history on his resume, but it turns out he never completed the degree. Connie must break the tie within her committee, and she faces two moral perspectives – consequentialist and duty-based.
From a consequentialist viewpoint, the potential consequences of selecting Craft despite the discrepancy in his resume could lead to damaging the foundation's reputation and public trust. However, dismissing Craft based solely on this technicality could also result in a valuable artist not being given a chance to work with middle school. Considering the overall impact, Connie must weigh the harm to the foundation's reputation against the potential benefits of having a renowned artist contribute to the program.
On the other hand, from a duty-based approach, Connie has a duty to uphold honesty and integrity within the foundation. Selecting Craft despite knowing about the false claim on his resume could be seen as condoning dishonesty and setting a questionable precedent. However, Craft's explanation and admission of the mistake might be seen as a virtue, and Connie may consider giving him a chance to demonstrate his talent and work with the students.
In this situation, Connie could combine the two approaches by acknowledging Craft's honesty in admitting the mistake and addressing the issue with transparency. She could use the consequentialist perspective to carefully consider the potential consequences for the foundation's reputation and the program's beneficiaries. Ultimately, Connie should aim for a decision that upholds ethical principles while giving consideration to the broader implications of her choice.
On page 213 of our text there is a case study about "Implications of Tightening the Belt" that deals with the dangers of medical waste.
I would like you to look at the chart on p. 113 that lists all six kinds of moral theories.
Choose one of the three "Doing" theories and one of the three "Being" theories.
In a few sentences for each of the two approaches, what action do you think each theory might guide you to take? Why?
Consequentialist theory. A consequentialist theory would lead me to consider the potential consequences of my actions regarding the worker in question. If keeping the worker employed despite the risks of exposing people to hazardous waste and damaging the environment is likely to cause harm, then letting the worker go would be the more ethical decision. It is essential to prioritize the well-being of people and the environment over individual interests, even if it is a difficult choice.
Virtue theory. Virtue theory would guide me to explore alternative solutions rather than immediately letting the valued worker go. As a virtuous person, I would be concerned about the worker's well-being, especially if they have a good track record and difficulties finding work elsewhere. Hurting the worker and their family is not an option I would consider. Instead, I would focus on finding a solution to address the medical waste disposal issue while still keeping the worker employed, if possible. This approach aligns with the virtues of compassion and empathy.
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